Ingredients

5-MTHF is the active physiological form of folate. Folate plays an important role in the generation of new cells in the body and is an important supplement for fertility and during pregnancy. It has been investigated for its effect on cardiovascular health and cognition. We cannot make folate in the body, so we are entirely dependent on it from our diet.

Acacia Fibre is derived from Acacia trees, this traditional remedy is a source of fibre that supports immune health. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has been investigated for its role in inflammatory bowel conditions. As a source of fibre, it can support bowel function, for example, relieving constipation.

Almonds are packed with nutrients. A great source of protein, fibre, fatty acids, antioxidant phenolics, and inflammatory flavonoids. They are great for energy and with no evidence they contribute to weight gain. Almonds been shown to have an effect in reducing low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol), which benefits cardiovascular health. They have been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and have some anti-cancer effects too. Calcium rich, almonds may also support bone health.

Almonds are packed with nutrients. A great source of protein, fibre, fatty acids, antioxidant phenolics, and anti-inflammatory flavonoids. They are great for energy and with no evidence they contribute to weight gain. Almonds been shown to have an effect in reducing low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol), which benefits cardiovascular health. They have been shown to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and have some anti-cancer effects too. Calcium rich, almonds may also support bone health.

Apple polyphenols are believed to have antioxidant properties, for example, in relation to the oxidation of low density lipids, showing some benefit in reducing total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol).

Aquamin F Calcium is a source of calcium from mineralised seaweed. Calcium is important for bone and muscle health.

Aquamin MG Magnesium is a source of magnesium from a natural mineral produced from seawater. Magnesium is essential for cellular function, including muscle, nerve and enzyme activity. It has been shown to improve mood.

Ascorbic acid is essential for the synthesis of collagen in the body. It has antioxidant properties and has been associated with beneficial effects in supporting health, such as the immune system. It aids the absorption of iron from the diet (or from supplements). We cannot make ascorbic acid in the body, so we are entirely dependent on it from our diet.

Astragalus Membranaceus is used as a tonic in traditional Chinese medicine, commonly referred to as Huang qi. It supports the immune system with some anti-cancer properties. It has antioxidant effects due to the flavonoid content and is therefore associated with anti-aging effects.

Silicon is involved in the synthesis of collagen in the body. It can support bone health, with an impact on bone density in a number of clinical studies. It may also support cognition, with some evidence that it may reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in women.

Beef Bone Broth is rich in protein and is a source of amino acids such as glycine and proline. These support collagen synthesis and may therefore support skin and joint health. The amino acids also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (see Glycine for more information).

Beetroot, Carrot and Blueberry Extract is used as a natural colouring but is also a good source of vitamins and minerals (see under Beetroot and Betacarotene for more information).

Beetroot is used as a natural colouring, but it is also a good source of vitamins and minerals. Abundant in flavanols and polyphenols, has antioxidant properties. It may have anti-cancer properties, which are a source of investigation.

Berberine is present in many plants (e.g. orangeroot from the buttercup family). It has been traditionally used for its antimicrobial activity and inti-inflammatory properties, but has been investigated for a wide range of uses, including in lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease. More recently, with emerging research on the microbiome, it’s mechanism of action is being investigated in relation to its effects on gut microbiota. Berberine has been shown to reduce glucose levels in the body and has therefore been investigated for its use in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is believed to be linked its effects on gut microbiota.

Betacarotene is used as a natural colouring (yellow). It is also a dietary source of Vitamin A (for example, in sweet potato). Betacarotene has antioxidant properties. In conventional medicine it is used to manage some photosensitivity reactions.

Cyanotis Aracnoidea is a plant native to China and is a rich source of Ecdysteroids. These can have anabolic and adaptogenic activity. They are therefore used in supplements to support athletic performance.

Black Cohosh is a popular dietary supplement taken by women for menopausal symptoms, particularly hot flushes. It has been investigated for its use as a herbal remedy for inflammatory pain such as rheumatoid arthritis and sciatica.

Beyond its use as a spice, black pepper has been used for its effects on glucose regulation. It has a wide scope of biological activity with anti-cancer and antioxidant properties. It has anti-inflammatory properties and has been investigated for use in osteoarthritis with promising results on inflammatory mediators when combined with turmeric and ginger.

Boron is a trace mineral with an essential role in metabolism. It is believed to be important for a wide range of physiological mechanisms, including those contributing to bone and skin health and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. As the linked review suggests – there is nothing boring about boron!

Cacao nibs are packed with minerals nutrients and are a source of fibre. They promote heart health, boost mood and brain function, and support weight management by curbing cravings. Cacao nibs add rich chocolate flavour and crunch to various dishes, making them a versatile and delicious superfood.

Caffeine is a stimulant of the central nervous system. It can increase wakefulness and alertness.

Calcium D-Glucarate has an effect on enzymatic processes in the body, with potential anti-cancer properties. It may play a role in the metabolism of oestrogens in the body, and therefore the anti-cancer properties are most associated with hormone dependent cancers.

Calcium D-Glucarate has an effect on enzymatic processes in the body, with potential anti-cancer properties. It may play a role in the metabolism of oestrogens in the body, and therefore the anti-cancer properties are most associated with hormone dependent cancers.

Calcium Pantothenate is a component of co-enzyme A, which is an essential enzyme for the metabolism of carbohydrate, fat and protein.

The capsule shell is made from a polymer called HMPC (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose) derived from wood pulp.

Celtic Sea Salt is a salt mined from nutrient-rich waters along the shores of France and Portugal. Compared to traditional table salt, the harvesting process means Celtic Sea salt contains more minerals and trace elements. Taken orally it can replenish lost electrolytes and therefore improve water absorption in the body.

Chicory root is a good source of inulin. Inulin has prebiotic properties and can improve gut health. As a source of dietary fibre it can support bowel function, for example, relieving constipation. It aids the absorption of magnesium, calcium and iron from the diet. Inulin is not absorbed from the bowel, so will not affect blood glucose concentration (see Inulin for more information).

Choline Bitartrate is a precursor of acetylcholine, choline plays an important role in metabolism. Choline supplementation may improve memory and has been associated with increased muscle strength. Owing to its effect on lipid metabolism, it has also been associated with use for reducing fatty liver disease.

Citric acid alkalinises urine so is used in conventional medicine to reduce the symptoms of cystitis.

Cocoa is rich in flavanols, fatty acids and minerals (magnesium, copper, potassium, and calcium). Used for centuries, cocoa is associated with a range of health benefits from skin to cognition and cardiovascular health.

Cocoa is rich in flavanols, fatty acids and minerals (magnesium, copper, potassium, and calcium). Used for centuries, cocoa is associated with a range of health benefits from skin to cognition and cardiovascular health.

Coconut is packed with nutrients and is a great source of good fat (medium-chain triglycerides), fibre and protein. Coconut has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It may have health benefits in reducing blood glucose levels and cardiovascular disease.

​Coconut is packed with nutrients and is a great source of good fat (medium-chain triglycerides), fibre and protein. Coconut has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It may have health benefits in reducing blood glucose levels and cardiovascular disease.

Coconut oil is renowned for its numerous benefits for the skin. It’s particularly effective in hydrating dry skin, including for those with conditions like eczema. Coconut oil can help reduce inflammation that may result from UVB rays, making it beneficial for soothing and healing the skin. Its wound-healing properties are useful for aiding the recovery of minor cuts and scrapes. The oil has antibacterial capabilities that can protect against various skin infections. It also possesses antifungal and antiviral properties, which can be helpful in treating a variety of skin conditions.

Coconut water is highly nutritious containing vitamins, sugars, amino acids, nitrogenous compounds, organic acids and enzymes. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been investigated for its use in ulcerative colitis, with some promising results. The high cytokinin content may also have anti-cancer properties.

Coleus Forskohlii activates enzymatic activity in the body. It promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland, including the thyroid gland.

Collagen makes up a third of all protein in the human body. It is important for connective tissue in joints and skin, bone and cartilage. Collagen comprises amino acids, particularly abundant in proline, glycine and hydroxyproline. The amino acids have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (see Glycine for more information). Collagen supplementation has been found to reduce skin aging, with a positive effect on wrinkle reduction, skin elasticity and hydration. It also has promising effects on dermal density and wound healing.

A natural green colouring, found in plants, algae and blue-green algae. It has antioxidant properties too and has been investigated for its anti-cancer properties.

Cordyceps Sinensis is used as a tonic in traditional Chinese medicine for male fertility and sexual dysfunction. It has potential wider uses owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. It has anti-platelet and anti-thrombotic (clotting) effects and is being investigated for medicinal use.

Alpha Tocopherols is a naturally occurring form of Vitamin E and the most active form. Vitamin E has anti-oxidant properties and has been investigated for its effects on reducing oxidative neuronal damage in Alzheimer’s disease. It has also shown beneficial effects in reducing cognitive decline with age.

Biotin is an essential co-enzyme, which has a role in metabolism. It is used to support nail and hair health, and has been investigated for some neurological disorders.

Dandelion has been used since ancient times for its medicinal properties. It has been found to lower blood glucose concentrations and to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and pre-biotic activity.

Debittered Stevia is a sweetener made from the stevia plant leaf – 300 times sweeter than sucrose. When used as an alternative to sugar, glucose is reduced in the diet, which has wide health benefits including anti-tumour, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects. Stevia has also been shown to reduce blood pressure in those with mild hypertension and may have antioxidant and anti-tumour effects.

Coconut is packed with nutrients and is a great source of good fat (medium-chain triglycerides), fibre and protein. Coconut has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It may have health benefits in reducing blood glucose levels and cardiovascular disease.

Dong Quai is a Chinese herb used since ancient times for its medicinal properties. It is mainly used to support women’s health, such as for pre-menstrual and menopausal symptoms.

Folate plays an important role in the generation of new cells in the body and is an important supplement for fertility and during pregnancy. It has been investigated for its effect on cardiovascular health and cognition. We cannot make folate in the body, so we are entirely dependent on it from our diet.

The gelatin capsule is derived from proteins from hydrolysed collagen from bone and skin of bovine (cattle) or porcine (pig) origin.

Ginger is widely used as an anti-sickness remedy. It is also taken for its anti-inflammatory effects, particularly to support bone and joint health in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia. It has been investigated for use in osteoarthritis with promising results on reducing inflammatory mediators when combined with black pepper and turmeric.

Ginkgo Biloba is a herbal medicine, traditionally used for cardiovascular health, particularly following a stroke. Over time, this herbal medicine has also been taken for cognition and for tinnitus, with varying results.

Glucoronolactone has a role in the metabolism of medicines and toxins we consume. It is used in traditional Chinese medicine for its protective effects on the liver. Glucoronolactone may increase energy, alertness and performance and so is often added with caffeine to energy drinks.

Gotu Kola is a herbal medicine traditionally used for wound healing. It is also taken to support age-related changes in mood and cognition. It has been investigated for its sedative effects to aid sleep and reduce anxiety.

Grass fed butter (milk) is nutritionally superior to milk. Produced from cows eating conserved grass, it contains fatty acids, particularly high in Omega-3 fatty acids. They may influence the gut-brain axis, through its action on the composition of the gut microbiota.

IHimalayan Salt is the pretty pink salt mined from the Khewra Salt Mine near the Himalayas. Compared to traditional table salt, it contains more minerals and trace elements. Taken orally it can replenish lost electrolytes and therefore improve water absorption in the body.

Holy Basil is a sacred plant in India. It has traditionally been used to improve cognition and reduce stress.

Horsetail extract has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory remedy and for urinary tract disorders. Active phytochemicals are believed to contribute to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect in people with rheumatoid arthritis. Its diuretic properties explain its traditional use for urinary tract disorders.

Collagen makes up a third of all protein in the human body. It is important for connective tissue in joints and skin, bone and cartilage. Collagen comprises amino acids, particularly abundant in proline, glycine and hydroxyproline. The amino acids have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (see Glycine for more information). Collagen supplementation has been found to reduce skin aging, with a positive effect on wrinkle reduction, skin elasticity and hydration. It also has promising effects on dermal density and wound healing.

Inulin is an element of food, which has prebiotic properties and so is used to support gut health. As a source of dietary fibre it can support bowel function, for example, relieving constipation. It aids the absorption of magnesium, calcium and iron from the diet. Inulin is not absorbed from the bowel, so will not affect blood glucose levels.

Korean Ginseng is a popular herbal medicine taken as a tonic. It is believed to have antioxidant, anti-neoplastic and oestrogenic activity. It has also been traditionally used to enhance cognition, improve mood and for its glucose lowering effect.

Kudzu Flower is a medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. It contains phytoestrogens and is therefore traditionally used for menopausal symptoms and postmenopausal osteoporosis. There is a long list of other potential benefits of Pueraria lobata, utilising its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is being investigated for its protective effects on the liver, such as from alcohol.

An antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cryoprotective, and immunomodulatory in peripheral and nervous tissues.

Glycine is an amino acid. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter and when taken orally, is believed to have a role in central nervous system transmission. There is some evidence that it may improve sleep and have cardioprotective properties due to its effect on lipid metabolism.

Phenylalanine is an amino acid that may support mental health, particularly in depression. Phenylalanine has been investigated for use to alleviate symptoms of alcohol withdrawal and in pain management, but most studies are now old and were underpowered.

L-Theanine is an amino acid with several health benefits due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties (to name a few). It has been show to have a positive effect on cognition, most likely due to its effects on GABA receptors and subsequent increase in dopamine and serotonin in the brain. It has also been found to relieve stress. L-Theanine may have beneficial effects on preventing the common cold. More recently, with emerging research on the microbiome, L-theanine is believed to increase beneficial intestinal microflora, promoting intestinal immunity.

Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis) is a herb from the mint family. It has traditionally been used for its calming effects, with health benefits such as reducing anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Maca Extract (lepidium meyenii) is indigenous to the Central Andes of Peru. It is used to support male reproductive health with potential protective effects on fertility (spermatogenesis) and beneficial effects on libido. Maca has energising properties and has been investigated for its anti-fatigue effects.

Medium chain triglycerides are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. They may improve memory function and increase satiety and reduce calorie consumption.

Medium chain triglycerides are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. MCT oil may increase triglycerides. They may improve memory function and increase satiety and reduce calorie consumption.

Medium chain triglycerides are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. They may improve memory function and increase satiety and reduce calorie consumption.

Methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12) is a co-enzyme important in nucleic acid synthesis. It works with folic acid in several metabolic pathways in the body. It is important for immune function. There is evidence that Vitamin B supplements may be of some benefit in osteoarthritis, improving joint mobility and hand grip.

Methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12) is a co-enzyme important in nucleic acid synthesis. It works with folic acid in several metabolic pathways in the body. It is important for immune function. There is evidence that Vitamin B supplements may be of some benefit in osteoarthritis, improving joint mobility and hand grip.

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is rich in organic sulphur. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. There is some evidence that MSM has a moderate effect in improving joint pain and swelling in people with osteoarthritis.

Microcrystalline Cellulose is a source of cellulose, useful in the management of constipation and obesity.

Milk Thistle has been used for gastrointestinal and liver disorders. It has antioxidant properties and has been used to protect the liver from toxicity (e.g. from alcohol).

Molybdenum is an essential trace element important for enzymatic function in the body, and therefore metabolic pathways to excrete toxins.

Mucuna Pruriens is a herbal medicine traditionally used as an aphrodisiac. It contains levodopa, a precursor to dopamine. It has been investigated for a wide range of medicinal uses based on its anti-diabetic, aphrodisiac, anti-neoplastic, anti-epileptic, and anti-microbial activities.

Muira Puama is a bush indigenous to the Amazon. It is traditionally used as a herbal medicine in South America as a tonic and aphrodisiac.

Inositols can have a beneficial effect on the regularity of the menstrual cycle and on decreasing insulin resistance. They have therefore been investigated for use in polycystic ovary syndrome.

N-acetylcysteine is a precursor to l-cysteine, an essential amino acid for the synthesis of glutathione. Glutathione has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the body. It has been proposed for larger trials to examine its use in alcohol use disorders.

N-acetylcysteine is a precursor to l-cysteine, an essential amino acid for the synthesis of glutathione. Glutathione has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in the body. It has been proposed for larger trials to examine its use in alcohol use disorders.

Tyrosine is an amino acid produced in the body from phenylalanine. It is a precursor for serotonin and dopamine. It may have beneficial effects on improving cognition.

A natural flavouring, with a sweet and sour taste.

In the EU and UK for a flavour to be called 'natural' it has to be entirely made from natural ingredients. If it's specified, like 'natural lemon flavouring,' at least 95% of it must come from lemons. The other 5% must still be natural but it lets manufacturers adjust the flavours to suit different products.

In the EU and UK for a flavour to be called 'natural' it has to be entirely made from natural ingredients. If it's specified, like 'natural lemon flavouring,' at least 95% of it must come from lemons. The other 5% must still be natural but it lets manufacturers adjust the flavours to suit different products.

A natural flavouring from lemons, for a citrus taste.

A natural flavouring derived from sour cherries to enhance the flavour and provide an authentic taste experience.

A natural flavouring from limes, for a citrus taste.

NADH is a co-enzyme important for generating energy and cellular function. NADH levels fall as we age, leading to changes in metabolism. Based on its mechanism of action, it has been investigated for its for anti-aging effects on the brain and neuroprotective properties. Evidence suggests that high calorie diets and obesity can reduce NADH, and therefore contribute to ageing.

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3) has beneficial effects on blood lipid profiles, increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (the good cholesterol) and lowering low density lipoproteins (LDL) (the bad cholesterol). Nicotinic acid also has a positive effect on glucose tolerance. In view of this, it is associated with cardioprotective properties. It may also have anti-inflammatory properties. Nicotinamide is a precursor for NADH synthesis in the body (see Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydrogen for more information).

Omega-3 has a wide range of health benefits, including in depression, age-related cognitive decline and cardiovascular disease. They may influence the gut-brain axis, through its action on the composition of the gut microbiota.

Panax Ginseng is a popular herbal medicine taken as a tonic. It is believed to have antioxidant, anti-neoplastic and oestrogenic activity. It has also been traditionally used to enhance cognition, improve mood and for its glucose lowering effect.

Phosphatidyl Choline is a precursor of acetylcholine, choline plays an important role in metabolism. It is a component of mucus and therefore plays a key role in mucosal defence. It has been investigated for use in ulcerative colitis. Choline supplementation may improve memory and has been associated with increased muscle strength. It has been associated with use for reducing fatty liver disease owing to its effect on lipid metabolism.

Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Potassium iodide when taken as a supplement is therefore used to support thyroid function.

Pregnelalone promotes neuronal activity in the body, involved in the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine. It has a range of health benefits, but is most associated with supporting mental health, including memory and learning, and reducing depression and stress. Pregnenolone is a precursor to the synthesis of testosterone and progesterone.

Psyllium Husk has laxative properties and therefore supports bowel function, relieving constipation. Studies have shown that it can lower low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) and may therefore have cardioprotective properties.

Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate plays an important role in the metabolism of amino acids, fat and carbohydrate. It is essential for the formation of haemoglobin in the body. It may benefit symptoms of pre-menstrual syndrome and has been investigated for its effects on improving cognition. As it tends to be given with other B-vitamins in clinical studies, it is difficult to determine the effect of this vitamin alone.

Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate plays an important role in the metabolism of amino acids, fat and carbohydrate. It is essential for the formation of haemoglobin in the body. It may benefit symptoms of pre-menstrual syndrome and has been investigated for its effects on improving cognition. As it tends to be given with other B-vitamins in clinical studies, it is difficult to determine the effect of this vitamin alone.

Contributes to the normal function of the immune system.

Resistance Dextrin is a source of carbohydrate. This dietary fibre can support bowel function, for example, relieving constipation. It may have glucose lowering properties, believed to be linked its effects on gut microbiota.

Vitamin A is essential for growth and for vision (especially in dim light) and supports the immune system. Knowledge of its effects is largely from understanding what happens when someone has a deficiency.

Rhodiola Rosea Root has traditionally been used to manage stress and fatigue. It can have a positive energy producing effects in resistance training. Studies have shown it can reduce pain and muscle damage after exercise training.

Vitamin B2 is an essential vitamin, necessary to obtain energy from food. It plays an important role in lipid metabolism. It may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Some studies suggest it may be beneficial in preventing migraine.

Selenium is an essential trace element. It contributes to enzymatic processes in the body relating to glutathione and therefore has antioxidant properties. It may be important in the processing of consumed and exposed toxins. Selenium plays a role in immune health with potential anti-tumour properties.

Silicon is involved in the synthesis of collagen in the body. It can support bone health, with an impact on bone density in a number of clinical studies. It may also support cognition, with some evidence that it may reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in women.

Silicon caseinate is from casein, a protein from milk. As a source of protein, it contributes to the building of muscle and reducing muscle wasting. Proteins can increase satiety and therefore reduce calorie consumption. Casein may have other health benefits. It can reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) and has been investigated for its anti-tumour effects.

Silicon Dioxide is used as an excipient to stop the powders clumping together (an anti-caking agent).

Steviol glycosides are extracted from stevia. Stevia is a sweetener made from the stevia plant leaf – 300 times sweeter than sucrose. When used as an alternative to sugar, glucose is reduced in the diet, which has wide health benefits including anti-tumour, anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects. Stevia has also been shown to reduce blood pressure in those with mild hypertension and have antioxidant and anti-tumour effects.

Taurine is an amino acid with antioxidant properties. It has been investigated for its effects in diseases caused by oxidative stress, such as diabetes. Taurine may also reduce low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol).

Thiamine is an essential coenzyme in the body, required for carbohydrate metabolism. It is important for the function of the central nervous system. It may improve cognitive performance and has therefore been investigated for its role in dementia.

Tribulus Terrestris is a traditional Chinese medicine used as a diuretic, for male sexual disorders, and as an aphrodisiac. It can support female reproductive health and sperm parameters in men (count, motility and morphology).

Turmeric is taken by people for its anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and fibromyalgia. It has been investigated for use in osteoarthritis with promising results on reducing inflammatory mediators when combined with black pepper and ginger. It has been shown to have an effect in reducing low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol (the bad cholesterol), which benefits cardiovascular health.

A natural flavouring, with a sweet taste.

Wild Yam is a Chinese herb used since ancient times for its medicinal properties. It is mainly used to support women’s health, such as for pre-menstrual and menopausal symptoms.

Zinc supports immune health and is believed to have antiviral properties. Zinc has beneficial effects in preventing the common cold, and reducing the severity of symptoms. It may also reduce diarrhoea.